Types of pharmaceutical intermediates

There are various types of pharmaceutical intermediates, commonly classified as follows:

1. Classify by structure

Heterocyclic compounds: such as pyridine, furan, thiophene, etc.

Aromatic compounds: such as benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, etc.

Aliphatic compounds: such as alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, etc.

2. Classify by function

Amino acids and their derivatives: used in the synthesis of peptide drugs.

Carboxylic acids and their derivatives, such as esters, amides, anhydrides, etc.

Alcohols, phenols, and ethers: used in the synthesis of various drugs.

Aldehydes and ketones: commonly used to construct complex molecules.

Amines and their derivatives: such as primary amines, secondary amines, tertiary amines, etc.

3. Classified by purpose

Intermediate antibiotics: such as penicillin and cephalosporin intermediates.

Anticancer drug intermediates: such as paclitaxel and cisplatin intermediates.

Cardiovascular drug intermediates: such as statin drug intermediates.

Central nervous system drug intermediates: such as sedatives and antidepressants.

4. Classify by synthesis stage

Primary intermediate: A simple compound synthesized from basic raw materials.

Advanced intermediate: a complex compound that approaches the final drug after multiple reactions.

5. Classify by source

Natural product intermediates: extracted from natural sources such as plants and microorganisms.

Intermediate synthesis: obtained through chemical synthesis.

6. Classified by chirality

Chiral intermediate: an intermediate with a chiral center, used in the synthesis of chiral drugs.

Non chiral intermediate: an intermediate without a chiral center.

7. Classify by reaction type

Intermediate of condensation reaction: used for condensation reaction.

Intermediate of oxidation-reduction reaction: used in oxidation-reduction reactions.

Substitution reaction intermediate: used for substitution reactions.

In summary, there are various types and classification methods of pharmaceutical intermediates, and the specific choice depends on the synthesis pathway and drug requirements.